Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Hepatitis “C” Virus Infection in Suspected Population Visiting DHQ Hospital Dera Ismail Khan

Abstract

The global public health significance of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is substantial, with varying incidence rates observed in different geographic regions. This article provides a thorough epidemiological inquiry into the prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus infection and the factors that contribute to its occurrence among a population seeking medical treatment at DHQ Hospital in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. A cross-sectional study methodology was employed to collect data from a representative sample of persons who were visiting the hospital. To determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection and collect data on possible risk factors, such as demographic features, medical history, and behavioral patterns, a combination of serological testing and structured interviews was utilized. The findings demonstrate a worrisome spreading of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among the studied population, as seen by 23.4% of individuals testing positive for Hepatitis C viral antibodies. Moreover, our research has found several noteworthy risk factors, such as the use of injectable drugs, a history of smoking, the receipt of blood transfusions, and undergoing dental surgery, among others, that are correlated with an increased probability of contracting Hepatitis C virus infection. The findings offer significant contributions to the understanding of the epidemiological situation of the Hepatitis C Virus in Dera Ismail Khan. They emphasize the necessity of implementing focused prevention, screening, and intervention initiatives. Additionally, they underscore the need to target modifiable risk factors to mitigate the prevalence of HCV in this geographical area.