Open Access Public Health and Health Administration Review

Harnessing the IoTs for Transformative Public Health Service Delivery: Opportunities and Implementation Challenges

Ghulam Muhammad Kundi — 2025-10-23

The rapid evolution of digital health technologies has positioned the Internet of Things (IoT) as a potentially disruptive force in public health and health administration. As networks of interconnected devices capable of collecting, transmitting, and analyzing health data without human intervention, IoT systems offer unprecedented opportunities to reimagine health service delivery . Despite this potential, the integration of IoT into mainstream public health practice remains limited by significant implementation barriers that demand coordinated solutions. This editorial examines the current landscape of IoT applications in public health, synthesizes evidence of their effectiveness, and identifies critical success factors for realizing IoT's transformative potential in health administration.

The Expanding Role of Pharmacists in Antimicrobial Stewardship: Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in Healthcare Systems

Abid Khan — 2025-10-27

The study examined the expanding role of pharmacists in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) and their contribution to combating antibiotic resistance within healthcare systems. The primary aim was to evaluate how pharmacists’ interventions in antibiotic prescribing, monitoring, and education impacted antimicrobial resistance patterns and patient outcomes. The study began with a review of contemporary AMS models emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration and pharmacist-led interventions. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from multiple hospital settings where pharmacists actively participated in stewardship programs. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to determine the effectiveness of pharmacist-led AMS initiatives. The results demonstrated that pharmacists significantly improved antibiotic optimization, reduced inappropriate prescriptions, and enhanced clinical outcomes through regular audits, feedback, and prescriber education. Findings revealed a 25% improvement in adherence to antibiotic guidelines and a notable decline in broad-spectrum antibiotic use. Furthermore, pharmacists contributed to cost reductions and better infection control practices. The study concluded that integrating pharmacists into AMS teams was essential for sustainable antibiotic management and the reduction of antimicrobial resistance. Future research should investigate the integration of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence and telepharmacy to support pharmacist-led AMS programs and explore global strategies to standardize training and policy frameworks for pharmacist participation in AMS.

Assessment of the Micronucleus Assay and Analysis of Fish RBCs Exposed to Pyridaben in Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix and Labeo Rohita: A Public Health Concern

Shahid Rauf — 2025-10-23

The present study was conducted to examine how exposure to pyributicarb affects the shape of red blood cells (RBCs) and the production of micronuclei in two commercially significant fish species: Labeo rohita (Rohu) and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (silver carp). Pyribaden is a chemical that is commonly used in agriculture and has been linked to several harmful impacts on aquatic life. In the present study, 33 specimens were taken and exposed to Pyribaden. Blood then blood sample were taken and a micro assay on them. The results show that micronuclei were formed, and production was increased by increasing the chemical concentration. These results point to the possibility of genotoxic and hematotoxic effects of pyridabin on fish, underscoring the need for more investigation to clarify its modes of action and any possible ecological ramifications. To evaluate pyridabin overall toxicity and implement practical mitigation techniques to protect aquatic ecosystems, it is imperative to understand the effects of pyrabaden on fish red blood cells. We need to act regarding the control of pesticides, such as pyridabin and others like it, to control aquatic pollution.

A Study on the Prevalence, Health, and Diversity of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Birds (Captive and Domestic) in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan

Sohail Azam — 2025-10-23

To create baseline data for regional avian health management, this study examined the variety and incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in domestic and captive birds in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Using flotation, sedimentation, and direct wet mount methods, 800 fecal samples from 40 bird species (20 domestic and 20 captive/wild) were gathered and analyzed. 349 of these samples had positive endoparasitic infection tests, resulting in a 43.6% overall prevalence rate. Nematodes accounted for 46% of the identified parasites, followed by cestodes (24%), protozoa (20%), and trematodes (10%). Of the positive cases, 49.6% had mixed infections. The infection incidence was substantially greater in domestic birds (53.8%) than in confined birds (38.1%) (P<0.05), which reflected exposure variations associated with management, such as environmental contamination and free-ranging behavior. Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria species, Eimeria species, and Raillietina species were the most common parasites. With consequences for both production and zoonotic risk, the results show that gastrointestinal parasitism is a significant health barrier for the local avian species, especially domestic chicken. It is strongly advised to implement integrated parasite management methods that prioritize better biosecurity, cleanliness, and the strategic use of anthelmintics.