Interns' Experience of Management Support and Supervision in Internship Programs

Abstract

Internships provide students with valuable opportunities to translate academic knowledge into practical experience. While extensive research exists on internships and student development, there is limited focus on the role of management practices in influencing intern satisfaction and motivation. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to examine how leadership style, communication, autonomy, and work environment shape intern experiences in customer service roles. With the use of a validated questionnaire with open-ended questions, the study explores the significant impact of leadership practices, structured feedback, and autonomy on intern satisfaction and motivation. The analysis, based on the Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory, Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and the Job-Demand Control (JDC) Model, emphasizes the importance of trust-based supervision and effective communication. The study suggests that incorporating peer feedback, improving logistical support, aligning tasks with career goals, and providing pre- and post-internship training can significantly enhance internship programs and better prepare interns for their careers.